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Architecture

Dorsium blockchain technical architecture and HDC consensus mechanism

System Overview

Dorsium implements a revolutionary three-tier network architecture that balances accessibility, security, and scalability.

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│       Mobile Miners (Unlimited)         │
│   Android/iOS App - Activity Mining     │
└─────────────┬───────────────────────────┘
              │ Encrypted Tunnel
              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│           Nodes (Unlimited)             │
│   Light Validators - Block Assembly     │
└─────────────┬───────────────────────────┘
              │ Encrypted Tunnel
              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│        Validators (100-300)             │
│   Full Consensus - Blockchain Storage   │
└─────────────┬───────────────────────────┘
              │
              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│       Archive Nodes (10-50)             │
│   Complete Historical Data Storage      │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

Hierarchical Delegated Consensus (HDC)

HDC is Dorsium's innovative consensus mechanism that uses three validation layers instead of one. Think of it as a triple-lock security system where each layer independently verifies transactions.

Consensus Flow

User submits transaction
↓
┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  TIER 1: Mobile Miners (9-15 assigned) │
│  - Verify Ed25519/Secp256k1 signature  │
│  - Check transaction format            │
│  - Query light client for balance      │
│  - Vote: Valid or Invalid              │
│  - Requirement: 2/3 consensus (6+)     │
└─────────────┬──────────────────────────┘
↓ (if 2/3 agree Valid)
┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  TIER 2: Nodes (3-5 assigned)          │
│  - Advanced validation                 │
│  - Check nonce, gas, smart contracts   │
│  - Assemble into block                 │
│  - Requirement: 2/3 consensus          │
└─────────────┬──────────────────────────┘
↓ (if 2/3 agree Valid)
┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  TIER 3: Validators (All participate)  │
│  - Full transaction validation         │
│  - Block validation & finalization     │
│  - Write to blockchain                 │
│  - Requirement: 2/3 consensus (67+)    │
└────────────────────────────────────────┘
↓
Transaction finalized on-chain

Result: Invalid transactions filtered at Tier 1, reducing node computational load by ~40%.

Attack Resistance

HDC implements multi-tier security:

Minimum Attack Cost

To compromise the network, an attacker must control all three tiers simultaneously:

TierRequirementDefense
Mobile34%+KYC requirement blocks mass fake account creation
Node34% (34 units)€21,590 hardware + video KYC
Validator34% (34 units)€32,300 hardware + video KYC

Total hardware cost: €53,890+ minimum Real cost: Unquantifiable due to KYC bypass requirement

Every hardware purchase requires a video call verification with the Dorsium team, making anonymous mass purchases impossible.

Network Partition Resistance

  • Primary VPS: EU-Central-1 (Frankfurt)
  • Backup regions: EU-West-1, EU-North-1
  • Detection time: 6 seconds (2 missed heartbeats)
  • Recovery time: under 15 seconds

HDC's instant finality (BFT) means partitions cannot produce conflicting states.

Hardware Specifications

Mobile Miners

ComponentRequirement
CPUAny modern smartphone (2015+)
RAMMinimum 2GB
Storage100MB for app + light client data
Battery impactLess than 2%/hour with screen off
NetworkWiFi or mobile data, ~10MB/day

Nodes

ComponentRequirement
CPUMinimum 4 cores, 2.0 GHz
RAMMinimum 8GB DDR4
Storage256GB SSD
Network100 Mbps stable connection
OSUbuntu 22.04 LTS

Validators

ComponentRequirement
CPUMinimum 4 cores, 2.5 GHz
RAMMinimum 16GB DDR4
Storage512GB SSD (NVMe preferred)
Network500 Mbps dedicated connection
OSUbuntu 22.04 LTS

Tunnel System Architecture

Dorsium uses VPS-based tunnel infrastructure to simplify network participation:

Purpose

  • Eliminates fixed IP requirement for Node/Validator owners
  • Provides routing for peer-to-peer communication
  • Reduces technical barriers to entry

Connection Routing

Mobile Miners → VPS Tunnel → Nodes
Nodes → VPS Tunnel → Validators
Validators → Direct P2P mesh (optional VPS fallback)

Important Clarification

The VPS tunnel infrastructure is ONLY a networking convenience layer - it does NOT centralize the blockchain. Tunnels do not process transactions, participate in consensus, or store blockchain data.

Automated Systems

Dorsium Lux (Documentation Intelligence)

AI-powered system for project consistency:

  • Base model: Anthropic Claude
  • Function: Documentation cross-reference validation
  • Limitations: Advisory role only, requires human approval

Node Sentinels (Emergency Backup)

Three automated backup validators for network continuity:

  • Activation: When validator count drops below 3
  • Function: Temporary consensus participation
  • Reward: None (emergency operation only)

Blockchain Parameters

ParameterValue
Block time5 seconds
FinalityInstant (BFT)
ConsensusHierarchical Delegated Consensus (HDC)
Base chainCosmos SDK
TokenDORS
Total supply40,000,000,000 DORS

Pre-Mainnet vs Post-Mainnet

Current State (Pre-Mainnet)

  • Off-chain database (Supabase PostgreSQL)
  • Reward calculations managed by Dorsium OÜ
  • Deterministic formulas, SHA-256 audit trail
  • Public explorer: dorsium.com/off-chain-explorer

Post-Mainnet (2026+)

  • On-chain smart contracts for all operations
  • Decentralized execution via validator consensus
  • Immutable transaction history
  • Community-governed protocol upgrades

Questions?

Email: hello@dorsium.com